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以老年人为主要保障对象的医疗照顾制度是美国两大公共医疗保险计划之一。它对于保障老年人的就医机会,改善老年人的就医条件,减轻老年人的经济负担,提高老年人的生活质量起到了重要作用。人口结构和需求结构的变化需要医疗照顾制度作相应的调整。财政平衡、公平性、个人的费用压力以及美国的制度和政治现实是医疗照顾制度改革必须面对的问题与挑战。市场化的改革方案在医疗照顾制度的改革进程中占了上风。
One of the two major public health insurance schemes in the United States is the medical care system that mainly targets the elderly. It plays an important role in ensuring elderly people’s medical treatment, improving the medical conditions for the elderly, alleviating the economic burden on the elderly and improving the quality of life of the elderly. Changes in population structure and demand structure require adjustments to the medical care system. Financial balance, fairness, individual cost pressures, and the institutional and political realities in the United States are problems and challenges that medical care reform must face. Market-oriented reform program in the medical care system reform process prevailed.