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A new anamorphic fungus was discovered on leaves of Capsicum annuum L.collected in Yunnan of China.Its conidia, conidiophores and colonies resemble the type species of Ulocladium, U.botrytis, and the character that conidia are always in chains is similar to U.chartarum.Both morphological and phylogenetic analyses based upon ITS and gpd (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) gene suggest that the fungus is a species of Ulocladium but is distinct from other species in the genus.Thus, the fungus is defined as a new species Ulocladium capsicuma.