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Fluid shear stress (FSS) is the main physical force as primary stimuli for arteriogenesis.However the underlying mechanism remains unclear.MicroRNA (miRNA) is small noncoding RNA, acts as negative regulator.Using miRNA microarray, we explored miRNA expression profile in arteriogenesis by elevated FSS by an arteriovenous-shunt between the distal stump of occluded femoral artery and vein in rat hind limbs.