Xuanwei is famous for its unusually high incidence of lung cancer, which is eight and four times higher than that of the Chinese national average ratio for women and men respectively.A number of previous studies reported that the higher lung cancer was associated with PAHs,quartz and heavy metals from Xuanwei coal combustion.However, it is not clear which one is responsible for the higher lung cancer.In this study, we tried to identify chemical composition of individual particles emitted from the local coal combustion by using of ATOF-MS and provide fundamental data for toxicity of particles from coal combustion.Our results demonstrated that all of the measured particles were classified into nine groups, which are carbonaceous species,rich-Na, rich-K, rich-Fe, rich-Al, rich-Ca, rich-Si particles, heavy metal containing particles, and PAHs containing particles.49.2% ~ 70.3% of measured fly ash particles distributed in PM0.2-1.0,number percentage of carbonaceous species, heavy metals containing particles and PAHs containing particles was higher compared with that in raw coal and bottom ash.