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民众是传统节日文化传承的主体,具有“传者”和“受者”双重身份。对其认知行为的调查能够让传统节日文化的传承和创新有的放矢。本文以春节、清明、端午和中秋四大传统节日为例,采用问卷调查的方法,调查了民众对传统四大节日文化符号、仪式和精神文化内涵的认知,对节日活动设计原则的认知及评价等内容。并在分析结果之上,提出了传统节日应该在传承的基础上创新,在创新中传承;将符号体系广泛地运用到传统节日文化的教育和宣传中去;将仪式落实到教育活动、社区生活、家庭生活中去;媒体应正确地发挥引导和宣传作用;政府和民间应对加大传统节日活动的创新以及还传统节日以“休闲娱乐”之本等策略。
The people are the main body of traditional festival culture heritage, with the dual identities of “transmission” and “receiver”. The investigation of its cognitive behavior can make the traditional festival culture heritage and innovation targeted. Taking the four traditional festivals of Spring Festival, Ching Ming, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival as examples, this paper investigates the public’s cognition of the traditional cultural symbols, rituals and spiritual and cultural connotations of the four major festivals using the method of questionnaire survey and the cognition of festival design principles And evaluation and so on. Based on the analysis results, it is proposed that traditional festivals should innovate on the basis of inheritance and inherit in innovation. The system of symbols should be widely used in the education and publicity of traditional festivals and cultures. The ceremony should be implemented into educational activities and community life , The family life; the media should play a guiding and advocacy role correctly; the government and the private sector to deal with increasing traditional festival activities and traditional festivals to “leisure and entertainment ” and other strategies.