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In this paper,the problem and solution about role and responsibility of structural engineers in recent Japan are described.After the Structural Calculation Forgery Problem was occurred in 2005,the legal regulation has been severed and the license of structural engineers has been settled.Structure engineers should explain his client that the Building Standard Law shows the lowest limit about safety and there are several structural grades practically.Because detailed contents of the structural design cannot be specified all by the law,it is desired that fundamental contents are specified by the law and detailed contents of the structural design are showed by the codes proposed by professional organizations.The detail of structural design should be arranged by the structural engineer and expert judgment is useful for the approval of structural design.Responsibility range of structural engineers has expanded recently.Structural engineers should do structural design carefully,participate in the professional organizations and attend the insurance about structural design in order to do responsibility.