Through literature review and field investigation, the paper studies the supply performance of rural public sports service from the aspects of fairness, efficiency and effect. It is found that the overall supply performance of rural public sports supply is poor, which is reflected in the still large gap between the total supply and demand, the lack of fairness between urban and rural areas, the low efficiency of rural public sports product supply, and the unsatisfying supply effect. Therefore, it’s necessary to construct a polycentric supply mechanism in order to improve the supply performance. Government, market and social organizations are all indispensable suppliers of public goods, with their own characteristics and different positions and functions in the supply of public sports. In the supply of urban and rural public sports products, a polycentric supply mode that is government-based with market and social organizations as a supplement should be formed according to the characteristics of different public sports products.