明代内阁辅政制度一向为学界所关注。有学者已经发现,在宣德朝存在一种通过公、孤加衔的方式,允许非内阁出身的老臣参与辅政的工作模式。笔者进一步研究发现,这种辅政模式虽然延续时间不长,却经历了较长的演进过程,而欲揭示这一过程之原委,不得不追溯到永乐北征这一战略行动。永乐北征,导致辅政体制的分散,原内阁制度的缺陷随之显现。为了弥补辅政力度的不足,非内阁出身的部臣被赋予一定的辅臣职能。仁、宣二帝迫于统治的需要,不得不进一步整合祖制所提供的辅政资源,将公、孤辅政机制与内 Ming Dynasty cabinet republication system has always been of concern for the academic community. Some scholars have found that in the Xuande Dynasty there exists a mode of working through public administration and loneliness to allow veteran non-cabinet-level veterans to participate in the administration of foreign affairs. The author further studies have found that although this mode does not last long, this mode has experienced a long process of evolution. To reveal the whole process of this process, it has to be traced back to the strategic move of Yongle North. The levy of Yongle North, which led to the decentralization of the government system, the defects of the original cabinet system appeared. In order to make up for the lack of government assistance, non-cabinet ministers were given a certain auxiliary minister function. Benevolence and Xuan Er Di forced the need of rule, had to further consolidate the resources provided by the ancestral government resources, the public and private administration and internal mechanisms