中国改革开放已过30年,苏联、东欧剧变也已20年。作为现实的总结和写照,转型经济学(1)的发展也近20个年头。在此,回顾转型经济学在中国的发展历史,以期使之对中国未来经济和社会发展起到一定的指导作用。一中国转型经济学的产生虽然中国的经济体制改革在1978年已经开始,但转型经济学在中国却起步较晚。随着1989年的苏联、东欧剧变,转型经济学在西方蓬勃发展,中国的转型经济学也随之产生。大 After 30 years of reform and opening up to the outside world, the drastic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe have been for 20 years. As a summary and portrayal of reality, the development of transitional economics (1) has been nearly 20 years old. Here, we review the history of the development of transition economics in China with a view to giving it a guiding role in China’s future economic and social development. I. The emergence of China’s transitional economics Although China’s economic reform began in 1978, transitional economics started relatively late in China. With the dramatic changes in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in 1989 and the transformational economics in the west, China’s transitional economics has also emerged. Big