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死亡主题贯穿于玛丽·雪莱的六部长篇小说,在《最后一个人》中尤为突出。本文将小说置入当时英国的文化语境之中,采用文化批评方式解读文本,讨论其死亡主题对基督教神学观的解构,解析潜藏在文本中的玛丽·雪莱的无神论思想。本文认为,这部时常被归入带有通俗文学意味的“灾难小说”的作品,其实是一部认识观念上破旧立新、最早以小说形式宣传无神论思想的力作,具有深刻的思想性。
The theme of death runs through the six novels of Mary Shelley, especially in The Last Man. This article puts the novel into the cultural context of England at that time, interprets the text by means of cultural criticism, discusses the deconstruction of the theological theme of Christianity in the theme of death, and analyzes the atheistic thought of Mary Shelley hidden in the text. This paper argues that this piece of work, often classified as “disastrous novel” with popular literary meanings, is actually a masterpiece of recognizing concepts that are old and new, and earliest propaganda of atheism in the form of novels, and is profoundly ideological.