The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of urethral Mycoplasmagenitalium infections among male patients attending a sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic in Chinaand identify risk factors associated with this disease.A total of 423 patients were recruited in HezhouCity,Guangxi Province,China,and each was requested to complete a questionnaire regarding sociologicaland sexual behaviors.First-void urine samples were collected for M.genitalium analysis by polymerasechain reaction.Of the 406 urine samples collected,114 were M.genitalium-positive,giving aprevalence rate of 28.1%.Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that M.genitalium infectionwas associated with younger age,having received at least senior high school education,and single maritalstatus.In both univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses,M.genitaliuminfection wasfound to be associated with lack of symptoms for STD in the past year (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=2.839;95% CI=1.495–5.392;P=0.001),no use of condoms with steady partners in the past year (AOR = 2.830;95%CI = 1.468–5.455;P = 0.002),and having sexual encounters with female sexualworkers within the past 3 months (AOR = 2.955;95%CI = 1.637–5.336;P<0.0003).The observedhigh rate of M.genitalium infection among male STD patients in Hezhou City indicates an M.genitaliumepidemic in the study population;thus,the national surveillance program and clinical healthproviders in China should more closely monitor this disease.