We first review the concept of fourth-party logistics(4PL),and discuss the issues,potentials and possible future evolvements associated with 4PL.We then discuss the recent development of Internet of Things(IoT),and its relationship with 4PL.Among the many research issues arising from the initiation of these new concepts,we emphasize the importance of information sharing and optimization,cooperative games,and truth-telling mechanism design.A model dealing with the scheduling and cooperation problem of logistics outsourcing is illustrated.Finally,some personal opinions and remarks on the development of the scheduling field will be presented.