Oil is one of the most important primary energies in the development of word economy at present.As a big country of oil consumption, China is in the heavy industrialization development stage.In recent years, there is an obvious impact on the economic development of China because of international oil price frequent fluctuation at a high level.This paper studies the changeable external factors and sophisticated intemal factors of impact on oil price fluctuation, and then analyzes of the fluctuation trend of oil price in China.Finally, the paper comes up with the corresponding suggestions and countermeasures for oil security and Sustainable development of national economy in China.