Spiral, planar and circular circadian waves within biological master clock, Suprachiasmatic nucleus

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Any coupled network of nonlinear oscillators has a potential to exhibit largescale collective patterns and waves, which are often much larger than that of the constituent elements. Such examples are abundant in nature, particularly in biological world,including the tiny organ Suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) that is composed of thousands of clock cells. It has been known for some years that SCN supports circadian phase waves, in which the level of free cytosolic calcium ion concentration as well as the levels of various clock genes and proteins are oscillating in time, with their phases progressing slowly over the entire SCN. Some important questions immediately follow: Is there any wave organizing center like cardiac pacemakers (SA or AV nodes)? do the SCN circadian waves take any specific form or direction of propagation? is there a characteristic wavelength or unique conduction velocity? In this talk, I will report a set of exciting new experimental data and analysis answering those questions, which were largely unanswered previously.In addition, I will discuss how these analysis relate to the phase shifting (or resetting) property of the biological clock.
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