Integrated photonics device footprint has shrunk exponentially over the past decades,and this,and concomitant performance increase,have relied on material development and emergence of novel device concepts,to the extent that we today have what can be labeled integrated nanophotonics.In contrast to earlier years there now exists a potential mass market for essentially silicon compatible integrated photonics,namely in optical interconnects,a development that could also greatly benefit sensor and bio applications.In order to meet the requirements of these interconnect applications,integrated photonics should be developed into a true nanophotonics technology,exhibiting low power dissipation,high functionality as well as low cost.