GABAergic inputs at the axon initial segment yield timing-dependent bidirectional effects in the int

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  GABAergic synaptic inputs derived from chandelier cells locate exclusively at the axon initial segment(AIS)of pyramidal cells(PCs).Experimental evidences showed that these GABAergic inputs elicit depolarizing membrane potential changes from resting state,and induce both excitatory and inhibitory impacts on the activity of postsynaptic PCs with an dependence of the ongoing membrane potential levels.
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