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A novel polarization splitter based on octagonal dual-core photonic crystal fiber (O-D-PCF) is proposed.The impact of several fiber parameters on the coupling characteristics of the polarization splitter is investigated by full-vectorial finite element method (FV-FEM) in detail.Through optimizing fiber configuration, a 4.267-mm-long polarization splitter with a bandwidth of 37 nm is achieved, and its extinction ratio (ER) is as high as 81.2 dB at the wavelength of 1.55 μm.Compared with the hexagonal dual-core photonic crystal fiber (H-D-PCF), both ER and bandwidth of the O-D-PCF are effectively improved.