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The self-assembly of peptides and proteins has recently attracted much attention because of its scientific importance and widespread applications in the fields of nanomaterials,crystallography and pathology.Particularly,assembly of peptides or proteins on inorganic substrates has been recognized as an important approach to understanding the pathology of some diseases as well as exploring the applications in de novo nanodevice design and fabrication.In these cases the peptide (or protein) is precisely assembled with the assistance of inorganic templates.This feature allows us manipulate the arrangement of peptide molecules in a pre-designated fashion on substrates by proper design of peptide sequence and elaborate control on the assembly conditions.