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Nosema bombycis is the pathogen of silkworm Bombyx mori.It has caused a significant loses to sericulture industry.The spore wall plays an important role in microsporidian pathogenesis.During our infection mechanism research of Nosema bombysis (the pathogen of silkworm Bombycis mori),a conservative spore wall protein NbSWP12 was identified.Immunolocalization indicate NbSWP12 localize at the sporoplasm membrane and exospore.The protein is not merely bind with the chitin coat of spores but also have a typical Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (BAR) family characteristics of liposome combining and tabulating.Transforming NbSWP12 into the gvp36Δ strain,a BAR protein knocked out strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae,the spore wall protein 12 localized at the plasma membrane and the recombinant strain could recover the yeast phenotype about vacuole biogenesis.We thus propose that NbSWP12 is the first BAR protein identified in parasite.It may plays a Gvp36 similar function of vesicular traffic in the process of microsporidia proliferation.Uncovering the function of NbSWP12 is of great significance to infection and proliferation mechanism research and drug controlling target screening of microsporidia.