Defects in autophagy are observed in many diseases.They result from abnormal activity of lysosomal hydrolases or disturbances in the transport of material for degradation to lysosomes but the molecular mechanisms regulating these processes are still poorly understood.The main negative regulator of autophagy is mTORC1 complex which inhibits the initiation stage of this process.Role of mTORC1 substrates, S6 kinases (S6Ks), in autophagy is unclear and controversial.