【摘 要】
：
How do humans interact with tools? Gibson (1979) suggested that humans perceive directly what tools afford in terms of meaningful actions.This "affordances" hypothesis implies that visual objects can
【机 构】
：
City University UK
【出 处】
：
BIT`s 3rd Annual World Congress of NeuroTalk-2012(2012第三届国际神
论文部分内容阅读
How do humans interact with tools? Gibson (1979) suggested that humans perceive directly what tools afford in terms of meaningful actions.This "affordances" hypothesis implies that visual objects can potentiate motor responses even in the absence of an intention to act.Here we explore the temporal evolution of motor plans afforded by common objects.We presented objects that have a strong significance for action (pinching and grasping) and objects with no such significance.Two experimental tasks involved participants viewing objects presented on a computer screen.For the first task, they were instructed to respond rapidly to changes in background colour by using an apparatus mimicking precision and power grip responses.For the second task, they received stimulation of their primary motor cortex using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) while passively viewing the objects.Muscular responses (motor evoked potentials: MEPs) were recorded from two intrinsic hand muscles (associated with either a precision or power grip).The data showed an interaction between type of response (or muscle) and type of object, with both reaction time and MEP measures implying the generation of a congruent motor plan in the period immediately after object presentation.The results provide further support for the notion that the physical properties of objects automatically activate specific motor codes, but also demonstrate that this influence is rapid and relatively short lived.
其他文献
Oesophageal cancer (OC) in South Africa remains a major public health problem with enormous variation in incidence and geographical distribution suggesting that the influence of an environmental facto
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) was first described in 1937 as a primary lung tumor.In the gastrointestinal tract, it occurs very rare and the diagnosis is especially based on immunohistochem
More that 26 million people are chronically exposed to arsenic through contaminated drinking water in West Bengal,India.Although a large number of individuals are exposed to arsenic, yet only 15-20% i
Tobacco smoke has been considered the main cause of lung cancer;however, epidemiological studies have identified several etiologic factors that could be involved in lung cancer onset in never smokers.
The proof for the prenatal origin of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) comes from the detection of concordant leukemia in monozygotic twins and the identification of translocation breakpoin
N-α-acetyltransferase 10 protein, Naa10p, is an N-acetyltransferase known to be involved in cell cycle control.We found that Naa10p was expressed lower in varieties of malignancies with lymph node met
Neovascularization is critical to tumour growth and metastasis and this has led to the development of a number of marketed anti-angiogenic agents which target VEGF/VEGFR2 receptors, for clinical use i
It is well-known that the hippocampus is necessary for the formation of new memories.It is also well-known that in times of stress, hippocampal functioning in rodents and humans is inhibited.This find
Numerous studies investigating development of reading skills in alphabetic languages, such as English, have found a positive association between early reading skill and "phonological awareness," in pa
Although language development of the very preterm children (birth weight