A waste indicator that shows the degree of effective utilization ot recyclable resources as raw material substitution and fuel substitution in cement production was studied.In addition, this waste indicator was used to evaluate Portland cement and blended cement.The results showed that there has been little increase in recent years in the amount of recyclable resources (wastes and by-products) that are used in the Japanese cement industry.However, the amount of wastes used in Portland cement has shown a relative increase, and there are indications that more advanced resource recycling systems have been used, particularly in relation to unutilized resources.Additionally, the recycling rotes of wastes and by-products utilized in the Japanese cement industry have been shown to vary widely.In particular,the recycling rates for by-products such as blast furnace slag and by-product gypsum are extremely high, at 100%, whereas the recycling rates for wastes such as cinder, soot, sewage, and sludge are found to be quite low.Furthermore, we proposed a waste indicator of cement, considering the recycling rates of wastes and by-products.The evaluation results of this waste indicator were found to be larger for the PC > FB > BB sequence, and results showed that Portland cement provides a larger contribution to resource recycling compared to blended cement.This could be attributed to the large use of wastes that have a low recycling rate in Portland cement compared to those in blended cement.