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E3 ubiquitin ligases are a large family of proteins that are engaged in regulation of the turn-over as well as the activity of many target proteins.Together with ubiquitin activating enzyme E1,ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2,E3 ubiquitin ligases catalyze the ubiquitination of a variety of biologically significant protein substrates for targeted degradation via the 26S proteasome as well as for non-proteolytic regulation of their functions or subcellular localizations.The E3 ubiqutin ligases,therefore,play an essential role in regulation of many biological processes.