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This paper,employing both Cobb-Douglas and CES production functions,estimates the energy rebound effects for Beijing and Shanghai in the period of 1990-2011 as well as the whole country.The findings are as follows: (1) Short-term rebound effects in both Beijing and Shanghai are higher than that in the whole country.Their values are under 100% and experience only a little increase over 1990-2011,which indicates,theoretically in a short term,to improve energy efficiency can reduce total energy consumption.(2) Long-term rebound effects in both Beijing and Shanghai show,on a whole,a decrease trend over 1990-2011 as well as the whole country,which suggests that China’s energy saving policy has yielded positive results.However,how to overcome energy “backfire effects” presented in the long-term rebound effects is a hard job for the megacities in China as well as the country in the future.(3) Because of rebound effects,technology progress,economic structure adjustment and institute reconstruction should be taken into consideration comprehensively for developing energy-saving policy.In the last part,the author points out the lacks as well as the future proposals of the research.