【摘 要】
：
目的：通过对颅底凹陷症的解剖学观察和测量,提出一种实用的分类方法；方法：70例颅底凹陷症患者,行颅骨正侧位摄片及包含颅底部的颈椎CT扫描和头颈部MR检查,根据有无寰枢椎脱位分为稳定型和不稳定型2类.分别统计两种类型颅底凹陷症患者合并寰枕融合畸形、Chari畸形,枢椎上关节面倾斜及脊髓空洞等的例数.并测量斜坡角(α),齿突顶点到Chamberlain线的距离(a),齿突顶点到枕骨大孔的距离(b)等参
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目的：通过对颅底凹陷症的解剖学观察和测量,提出一种实用的分类方法；方法：70例颅底凹陷症患者,行颅骨正侧位摄片及包含颅底部的颈椎CT扫描和头颈部MR检查,根据有无寰枢椎脱位分为稳定型和不稳定型2类.分别统计两种类型颅底凹陷症患者合并寰枕融合畸形、Chari畸形,枢椎上关节面倾斜及脊髓空洞等的例数.并测量斜坡角(α),齿突顶点到Chamberlain线的距离(a),齿突顶点到枕骨大孔的距离(b)等参数.结果：70例患者中,20例为稳定型,50例为不稳定型.其中稳定型合并Chari畸形18例(90％),合并脊髓空洞症16例(80％)；不稳定型合并Chari畸形2例(4％),合并寰枕融合46(92％),枢椎上关节面倾斜37例(74％),合并脊髓空洞症43例(86％).枕骨斜坡角测量结果,稳定型平均168±5°,不稳定型平均133±11°(P＜0.05), 齿突与枕骨大孔线的垂直距离：稳定型平均0.5±0.3mm,不稳定型平均-3.9±2.9mm (P＜0.05)；齿突与Chanberlain线垂直距离：稳定型平均-4.8±4.2mm,不稳定型平均-5.6±3.7mm (P＞0.05).结论：根据颅底凹陷症的解剖特点,可以将其分为稳定型(斜坡型)和不稳定型(齿突型)两种类型.这一分类方法对于正确认识两种不同类型颅底凹陷症的解剖学和临床特点,从而采取合理的手术方法进行针对性的治疗具有重要的意义
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