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Heavy metals are among the most important sorts of contaminant in the environment.Several methods already used to clean up the environment from these kinds of contaminants,but most of them are costly and difficult to get optimum results.Currently,biosorption is an effective and affordable technological solution used to extract or remove inactive metals and metal pollutants from contaminated soil and water.This technology is environmental friendly and potentially cost effective.This paper aims to compile some information about heavy metals sources,effects and their treatment.It also reviews deeply about biosorption technology,including the heavy metal uptake mechanisms and several research studies associated about the topics.Additionally,it describes several sources and the effects of heavy metals on the environment,the advantages of this kind of technology for reducing them,and also heavy metal uptake mechanisms in biosorption technology as well as the factors affecting the uptake mechanisms.Some recommended plants which are commonly used in biosorption and their capability to reduce the contaminant are also reported.