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Objective To investigate a novel and self-made perfluorohexane-encapsulated hollow mesoporous prussian blue nanoparticles (HMPBs) can enhance the therapy efficiency of tumor ablation by high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU).Methods This experiment was divided into three parts.(A) Preparation of the perfluorohexane (PFH)-encapsulated hollow mesoporous prussian blue nanoparticles (HMPBs-PFH).(B) In vitro bovine HIFU ablation experiment.We designed four groups : Group A, only HIFU ; group B, HIFU + PBS; group C, HIFU + HMPBs ; group D, HIFU + HMPBs-PFH,and then the change in the treatment of various groups target gray area, gray value range and coagulation necrosis were measured.(C) Establishment of rabbit liver VX2 breast cancer xenograft model, 21 days after tumor inoculation in the subcutaneous, VX2 breast cancer xenografts in 32 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into more than four groups of eight.The animals were sacrificed and the ablation volume of each group was measured for comparison.Moreover, tumor tissue was also performed to acquire pathological examination.Results Comparison of gray area and the gray value changes in each groups were preformed.① Ablation volume of in-vitro bovine HIFU ablation:Group A and group B had no significant difference (P>0.05),group C is greater than group A and group B (P<0.05), group D is greater than that in group C (P<0.05).② Necrosis range between each groups: Group A and group B had no significant difference (P>0.05),group C is greater than group A and group B (P<0.05), group D is greater than that in group C (P<0.05).③ Tumor ablation volume change and the transition zone of tumor cell apoptosis index were measured.Group A and group B had no significant difference (P>0.05),group C is greater than group A and group B(P<0.05), group D is greater than group C (P<0.05).Conclusion Perfluorohexane-encapsulated hollow mesoporous prussian blue contrast agent nanoparticles can enhance the effects of HIFU therapy,improve prognosis and prolong survival time.The efficacy of these materials is promising in preliminary trials via modifying the acoustic environment of tissues, increasing the ultrasonic cavitation and enhancing the energy deposition.However,the specific mechanism of the enhancement on HIFU treatment should be further explored.