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Hepatorenal syndrome(HRS) describes renal failure which is caused by advancedlivercirrhosis and portal hypertension. Based on“Five elements (Wu xing)" theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), this process is called "disorder of child-organ affecting mother-organ",which means kidney qi is stolen by liver qi.This article trys to understand the pathophysiology changes and common complications, such as jaundice, ascites, esophageal varices bleeding etc. of HRS by both TCM theory and modern medicine study.