Rotenone has been used for many years in agriculture, but the dissipation and bioactivity of rotenone in different colors of vegetables are rarely reported.This study investigated the dissipation and residue of rotenone by high-performance liquid chromatography.Toxicities of 2.5% EC rotenone were evaluated through leaf-dip bioassays conducted against the cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae (Linnaeus), and field efficacy trials were carried out using experimental spot.The color affected the decay rate and the degradation pathway of this botanical insecticide.The dissipation of rotenone showed half-lives of 1.66 and 2.34 days in green cabbage and red cabbage, respectively, under field conditions.Rotenone (2.5%EC) exhibited a positive temperature effect as a type of biological pesticide.Field efficacy trials showed more than 90% efficacies after three days of treatment with rotenone against cabbage aphids.This work provides guidance for the proper and safe use of this pesticide in agriculture.