Carbon aerogels have great potential applications in the field of thermal insulation for their ultra-high temperature resistance even at 2000 ℃ and low thermal conductivity under inert atmosphere.The traditional pathway towards synthesizing carbon aerogels, i.e.sol-gel method, is complex, dangerous, and of other shortcomings such as the very long cycle-time and the large shrinkage for volume.Salt templating approach provides a new and simple method with broad prospects to synthesis carbon aerogels.The carbonizing and cracking mechanism of ionic liquid, the macroscopic changes in the process of preparation of carbon aerogels and the effects of the quality ratio between the ionic and salts, carbonization temperatures, carbonization environmental pressure on the properties of the carbon aerogels were researched in the passage.The preparation technology of the bulk carbon aerogels with high specific surface area was optimized.With the mass ratio of KCl is at 47%, the mass ratio between ionic liquids and salts mixture is at 35%, and the carbonization temperature is 900 ℃, the carbon aerogels with high BET specific surface area up to 2309.08m2/g were prepared.Besides higher ambient pressure than atmosphere pressure (0.1MPa) is easier to get carbon aerogels monoliths.