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We are developing a chip-based sensor, which will be used for the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and is now also being adapted for detection of tumor markers in plasma.For detection of CTCs, 2 (or more) tumor-or tissue-specific target RNAs are selected based on current literature.A SELEX-based library selection procedure is used to determine optimal sites for binding of antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs).The ASOs are tested in pair-wise fashion to determine the optimal pairs for detection via a "sandwich hybridization" assay.ASO1 is then covalently attached to nanowires (NWs), and the functionalized NWs are then electrofluidically deposited onto pre-determined addresses on a CMOS chip (a bottom-up protocol which allows extensive multiplexing).ASO2 is then covalently attached to 50 nm gold nanoparticles (ASO2:AuNPs), for mass amplification.