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Objective The results of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)assessing effects of genistein on glucose metabolism are inconsistent.The aim of this meta-analysis is to evaluate the effects of genistein on glucose control and insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women.Methods We searched Medline,PubMed,Cochrane databases,and ClinicalTrials.gov for trials from January 1970 to February 2016.RCTs that investigated the effects of genistein on glucose and insulin metabolism in postmenopausal women were included.We performed pooled analyses with weighted mean difference(WMD)and 95%confidence interval(CI)according to the RevMan 5.3 software with the random-effects model.Results Seven eligible RCTs with 670 participants were included in the meta-analysis.Compared to placebos,genistein exhibited significant effects in lowering fasting glucose levels(WMD,-6.35 mg/dL [95%CI,-10.78 to-1.93]; P = 0.005),fasting insulin concentrations(WMD,-1.92 μIU/mL [95%CI,-3.04 to-0.79]; P = 0.0008),and HOMA-IR values(WMD,-0.74 [95%CI,-1.21 to-0.28]; P = 0.002).Conclusions Genistein significantly improves glucose control and insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women.Long-term genistein treatment may exert more significant effects than short-term use.