Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura is a small vessel vasculitis relating to immunoglobulin A.The relevance between the occurrence of malignancy and Henoch-Sch(o)nlein purpura is rare and poorly understood in adults.We report a case of a 56-year-old male who had been suffering from right chest pain for more than twenty days and short of breath for one week.Chest computed tomography showed wrapped pleural effusion on the right side.The patient had got partial remission after receiving antibiotic therapy.During the therapy,he appeared purpura on legs, abdominal pain and proteinuria.HSP was soon diagnosed, based on the clinical symptoms which was partly alleviated by prednisone but relapsed for times, and was further supported by histological findings of renal biopsy.But two weeks later illness had progressed as chest computed tomography identified right pleural effusion and mass shadow in right middle lobe lung.Pulmonary biopsy pathology results suggested adenocarcinoma.We review the literature of HSP associated with pulmonary malignancies, and it suggests that there is indeed an association between HSP and malignant disease.So we recommend elder patients who are diagnosed with HSP should pay attention to the potential tumor.