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本文回顾了《资本论》生产资本循环理论关于产能过剩的描述,在此基础上提出“中国式产能过剩”属于体制性产能过剩,对其成因进行了分析。产能过剩的原因是政府对市场机制的干预,尤其是对要素市场的干预,以及产业政策对企业投资和退出决策的扭曲激励。步入“新常态”对化解产能过剩具有重要意义,治理产能过剩的思路在于:充分发挥市场配置资源的决定性作用,合理设计产业政策激励机制,完善市场机制灵活性和产业政策有效性。
This paper reviews the description of excess capacity in “capital theory” theory of productive capital circulation, and on this basis proposes that “excess capacity in China” belongs to the overcapacity of production and its causes are analyzed. Overcapacity is due to government intervention in market mechanisms, particularly interventions in factor markets, and the distorting incentives that industrial policies distort corporate investment and exit. Stepping into the “new normal” is of great significance in overcapacizing the overcapacity. The idea of overcapacizing the production capacity lies in giving full play to the decisive role of the market in allocating resources, rationally designing incentives for industrial policies, and improving the flexibility of market mechanisms and the effectiveness of industrial policies.