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In order to improve hydrodynamic bearings performances,a new approach on shape optimization of hydrodynamic bearings was brought forward.Up to now,most of mathematical models of shape optimization of hydrodynamic bearings are based on single film thickness equation of cylindrical bearings profiles,the film thickness equation itself,which expresses wedge-shape gap and is the key factor expressing constitutional shape character for hydrodynamic bearings,can not be optimized.Therefore,the global optimal performance of hydrodynamic bearings can not be reached.To resolve this matter,a novel method of shape optimization for hydrodynamic beatings based on the general film thickness equation was introduced,which is not limited by existing bearings profiles.The film thickness equation was studied creatively and the general equation of film thickness was proposed to include the existing classical bearings shapes and it can also be used to develop some other new hydrodynamic bearings profiles.The uniform mathematical model of shape optimization of hydrodynamic bearings based on the general film thickness equation was established.Feasibility of shape optimization of hydrodynamic bearings based on the general film thickness equation was proved.An example was given and a new film thickness equation of hydrodynamic bearings profiles with better hydrodynamic performances was obtained.This new approach expanded the research area of shape optimization and established a base for the further development of hydrodynamic beatings.