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The reciporeal interactions between biodiversity and climate change (B&CC) has become the common focus of the two related fields of ecology in recent years.The 2010 goals of the International Conventions on Biodiversity(CBD) for Europe has been claimed failed, indicating that the understanding of effect, mechanism and the necessary coping strategies of human beings on this interaction are urgently to be updated.This paper presented a brief review of the history and current situation of studies and assessments of climate change and biodiversity interaction, summarized the rapid development of basic idea, principles and the frame structures of the monitoring and evaluation index systems appeared in last 10 years, and elucidated the opportunities and challenges brought by the relevant technical advances in the monitoring and evaluation of B&CC.