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Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly cardiac rhythm disturbance and its prevalence increases with age.AF may occur with or without structural heart disease.Significant morbidity, mortality, and health care costs are associated with the condition.The patients clinical condition often deteriorates owing to the hemodynamic compromise associated with the arrhythmia, and thromboembolic events directly related to the arrhythmia can be devastating.The Cox-Maze procedure is most successful surgical treatment for AF, eliminating the arrhythmia in more than 90% patients.