Objectives To analyse trends in mortality and causes of death among under-5 children in Beijing,China between 1992 and 2015,and forecast under-5 mortality rates(U5MRs)for the period 2016-2020.Methods An entire population-based epidemiological study was conducted.Data collection was based on theChild Death Reporting Cardof the Beijing Under-5 mortality rate Surveillance Network.Trends in mortality and leading causes of death were analysed using the chi-squared test and SPSS 19.0 software.An autoregressive integrated moving average(ARIMA)model was fitted to forecast U5MRs between 2016 and 2020 using the EViews 8.0 software.Results Mortality in neonates,infants and under-5 children decreased by 84.06%,80.04%and 80.17%from 1992 to 2015,respectively.However,the U5MR increased by 7.20%from 2013 to 2015.Birth asphyxia,congenital heart disease,preterm/low birth weight and other congenital abnormalities comprised the top five causes of death.The greatest,most rapid reduction was that of pneumonia by 92.26%,with an annual average rate of reduction(AARR)of 10.53%.The distribution of causes of death differed among children of different ages.Accidental asphyxia and sepsis were among the top five causes of death in 28-day to 1-year-old children,as was accident in children 1-4 years old.The U5MRs in Beijing are projected to be 2.88‰,2.87‰,2.90‰,2.97‰ and 3.09‰ for the period 2016-2020,based on the predictive model.Conclusion Beijing has made considerable progress in reducing U5MRs from 1992 to 2015.However,U5MRs could show a slight upward trend from 2016 to 2020.Future considerations for child health care include the management of birth asphyxia,congenital heart disease,prematurity/low birth weight and other congenital abnormalities.Specific preventative measures should be implemented for children of various age groups.