The delivery of nucleic acids into cells has an ever-increasing number of applications in medicine and biomedical research,arising outstanding recent advances in gene and antisense therapy and in the reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells.While viral particles are currently the most efficient transfection vectors,they suffer from a number of innate disadvantages (antigenicity,high production-costs,limited size of cargo,etc) that have raised concerns about their medical application.As such non-viral delivery systems (mainly cationic lipids and polycationic polymers) meant an attractive alternative,particularly because of their low-cost and procedural simplicity.Despite numerous improvements and reagents developed,the efficacy of non-viral vectors still needs to be increased and the cytotoxicity reduced for both clinical and research purposes.