With this "Bioenergy-Organic fertilizer" treatment train,the disposal problem can be transformed into a profit centre,and a zero-waste food waste disposal can be achieved.Two-phase AD system is gaining momentum for the organic wastes with solid contents of >20%.However,the methane recovery of the two-phase reactors is almost similar to that of the single-phase reactors mainly due to the energy loss from the acidogenic reactor.Controlling this energy loss is a challenge.The digestate from the AD process can be composted; however,reduced organic matter content is an issue that can be solved by adding fresh wastes.Food waste is a unique substrate for composting due to the excessive acidification during the initial stage of the composting resulting in microbial inhibition and composting.The other key problems of food waste composting are emission of odour and nitrogen loss.Therefore a viable technology to overcome these three key issues enables composting to be a potential option in urban setups.This paper explores the available and possible niches of development for the AD and composting of food wastes.