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Aim:To explore treatment and prognosis of head and neck Rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS)in adult.Methods:Fifty-nine cases of head and neck RMS in adult(AHNRMS)treated in one institution were selected.Multivariate analysis was used to evaluate the various variables related to overall survival(OS).Results:The estimated five-year OS was 36%.The rate of cervical lymph node involvement was 28%.Patients with embryonic RMS underwent chemotherapy enjoyed a favorable outcome according to the multivariate analysis(p=0.047).Local recurrence(n=30)and distant metastasis(n=17)were the main causes of treatment failure.Patients underwent chemotherapy also decreased the rate of local recurrence or distant metastasis.Positive surgical margin(32%)was frequently seen in the AHNRMS.Primary site(p=0.01),tumor size(p<0.0001),CLN(p=0.003)and margin status(p=0.0002)were significant prognostic factors related to OS.