一、前言氧弹热量计自1880年问世以来已百余年,其间经过各种改进,仪器由简到繁,测试方法由繁到简,但就其原理而言,无本质的变化。试样盛于密闭的钢弹(氧弹)中,充入一定压力的氧;氧弹浸入具有固定量的水中,点燃试样。产生的热由氧弹传到水中,根据水温的升高来计算试样的发热量。近年来又有人开发了直接测定氧弹自身的温升来求试样发热量的热量计,与传统的热量计已有所不同。原理并不复杂,但要获得准确结果,还需考虑周围环境、测试方法等多种因 I. Introduction Oxygen bomb calorimetry has been in use for more than 100 years since it was introduced in 1880. In the meantime, after various improvements, the instrument has been simplified to complicated and the method of testing has gone from simple to simple. However, in terms of its principle, there is no essential change. The sample is contained in a closed steel bomb (oxygen bomb), filled with oxygen at a certain pressure; oxygen bomb immersed in a fixed amount of water, ignite the sample. Heat generated by the oxygen bomb spread to the water, according to the increase in water temperature to calculate the sample calorific value. In recent years, some people have developed a calorimeter that directly measures the temperature rise of an oxygen bomb to obtain the calorific value of the sample, which is different from the traditional calorimeter. Principle is not complicated, but to get accurate results, but also need to consider the surrounding environment, test methods and other factors