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An efficient and cost-effective dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) based on TiO2 film developed by ORegan and Gr(a)tzel has been extensively regarded as a promising alternative to silicon-based photovoltaic devices. A nanocrystalline TiO2 particle layer is deposited onto a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) glass substrate as the anode of the DSSC. In this system, TiO2 film provide sufficient surface area for dye adsorption, serve as a expressway to facilitate the electron transport, and effectively confine the incident light to enhance the light-harvesting.