All minerals contain naturally occurring radioactive materials (NORM).Uranium ore is one example of NORM but the mining and processing of uranium ores has been regulated for many years as part of the nuclear fuel cycle.Many other ores and raw materials contain NORM and the mining and processing of such materials have radiological hazards and radiation protection issues similar to those arising from the mining and processing of uranium ores,the magnitude of the hazard depending on both the level of radioactivity in the ore or raw material and the details of how the ores and raw materials are mined or processed.The recent work of the ICRP on the risks from radon,the move toward a fully dosimetric approach for regulating workplace exposure to radon,and the ICRPs draft guidance on "Radiological Protection against Radon" have generated much discussion on the risks and requirements for radiation protection against radon (and thoron) in the workplace.The objective of this paper is to review the sources and exposures from radon in uranium mining and the NORM industry and to provide an industry perspective on associated issues.The issues discussed in this paper include,amongst others,deficiencies in the ICRPs proposed dose coefficients arising from incomplete consideration of the carcinogenic effect of smoking; practical issues associated with lack of dosimetrically relevant data to support a dosimetric approach and inconsistencies in ICRPs approach between control of occupational exposures in general and protection of workers in the uranium industry.