一、问题的提出农业是国民经济的基础产业,又是一个弱质产业,农业的发展受到许多不确定因素的影响。农户在农业生产经营过程中面临市场和自然双重风险的威胁却通常缺乏风险处理的手段。农民的风险处理措施往往建立在较小范围内,甚至局限在亲友内。因此,很多农户为了规避风险,往往选择低收益、低风险的经营活动,这将不利于农民收入的增加和稳定。在遭遇大面积或者程度较深的灾害时, First, the problem raised Agriculture is the basic industry of national economy, but also a weak industry, the development of agriculture is subject to many uncertainties. Farmers in the agricultural production and management process facing the dual risks of market and nature are usually the lack of risk management tools. The peasants’ risk management measures are often based on a relatively small scale and are even limited to relatives and friends. Therefore, in order to avoid risks, many peasants often choose low-yield and low-risk management activities, which will not benefit the increase and stability of peasants’ income. In the face of large-scale or deeper disaster,