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Objectives: To study the effects of sanqi sodium hyaluronate gel on the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and matrix metalloproteinase-l(MMP-1) in the formation of rabbits epidural scar.Methods: Ninety-six New Zealand White rabbitswere randomly assigned into the saline,sanqi, sodium hyaluronate (SH), sanqi sodium hyaluronate gel (SSHG)groups (n=24).The laminectomy of rabbit was performed, and 0.5 mL of saline saline, concentrated sanqi solution, sodium hyaluronate, or sanqi sodium hyaluronate gel was injected around dural sac,respectively.In-situ hybridization was applied for evaluations of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 at 1, 2,and 4 weeks after operation.Results: In SSHG group, the expression of TIMP-1 was significantly lower and the expression of MMP-1 was significantly higher than those in the other groups, at 2 and 4 weeks after operation (P<0.05).Similarly at 2 weeks after operation, significant improvements in Sanqi group and SH group were seen, compared to those saline group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Sanqi sodium hyaluronate gel can inhibit the activity of TIMP-1, stimulate the expression of MMP-1, and accordingly reduce the scar fibrosis.