As we are entering the age of "Personal Genomics" or "Personalized Medicine",it has been expected that the knowledge of human genetic polymorphisms and variations could provide a foundation for understanding differences in susceptibility to diseases and designing individualized therapeutic treatments.It was estimated that 90% of human genetic variations are due to single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).In particular,by changing amino acids in proteins,non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in the gene coding regions could account for nearly half of the known genetic variations linked to human inherited diseases.In this regard,numerous efforts have been contributed to elucidate how nsSNPs generate deleterious effects on the stability and function of proteins.Usually,an nsSNP might change the physicochemical property of a wild-type amino acid to affect the protein stability and dynamics,or disrupt the interacting interface that prohibits the protein to form a complex with its partners.