Based on the fact that cold spraying (CS) is increasingly attracting more and more attention from the researchers and industries worldwide, it is useful to summarize the state-of-the-art of CS composite and nanostructured coatings which have great potential in applications.Previous studies have shown that the fabrication of metal matrix composites (MMCs) by CS is effective and promising, and even the nanostructured coatings can be successfully deposited with high quality.This report will make a detailed summarization and discussion on fabricating MMCs coatings including metal-metal, metal-ceramic and metal-intermetallics composite coatings via CS according to the open literature.In addition, the deposition of nanostructured coatings, mostly nano-composite coatings, were aslo summarized.Eventually, the problems and issues existing in composite/nanostructured coatings fabricated by CS were discussed.