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20世纪是人类历史上科学发展最迅速的100年,抗生素的发现使人类成功地控制了细菌引起的感染性疾病;疫苗的研制和计划免疫工作的开展使人类成功地消灭了天花,并且正在有计划地消灭脊髓灰质炎和麻疹;医疗水平的提高使人类已经可以治愈部分肿瘤。如今,世界上大多数国家的疾病谱和死因谱发生了很大变化,特别是20世纪的后50年,影响人们健康的主要疾病已由过去的传染病转变为非传染性慢性病,其中心血管疾病是首要死亡原因。据WHO报告1 990年全球30个主要死因中,缺血性心脏病居首位为626~-,占总死因的12.4%,其中已建立市场经济的
The twentieth century was the fastest-growing science in mankind’s history in the past 100 years. The discovery of antibiotics has led to the successful control of infectious diseases caused by bacteria by human beings. The development of vaccines and planned immunization work have successfully eliminated human smallpox, and there are Polio and measles are planned to be eliminated; improvements in medical care have made it possible for humans to cure some tumors. Nowadays, the spectrum of diseases and causes of death has undergone great changes in most countries in the world. Especially in the latter half of the 20th century, the major diseases affecting people’s health have been transformed from past infectious diseases into non-infectious chronic diseases. The cardiovascular diseases Disease is the leading cause of death. According to the WHO report, among the 30 major causes of death worldwide in 1990, ischemic heart disease ranks 626 ~ - the first among all causes, accounting for 12.4% of the total, of which the market economy has been established