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To examined whether morroniside could protect ischemia/reperfusion-induced brain injury by minimizing oxidative stress and anti-apoptosis.Morroniside was intragastrically administered to rats in doses of 30, 90 and 270 mg· kg-1 ·d-1, starting 3 h after the onset of middle cerebral artery occlusion.The behavioral test was performed by using the Zea-Longa scores, Prehensile Traction score and Ludmila Belayer score.Rats were sacrificed 3 d after ischemia occurred.The infarction volume of brain was assessed in the brain slices stained with 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride.Cortex tissues were also used for determination of malondialdehyde levels, glutathione levels and superoxide dismutase.The treatment with morroniside significantly improved Zea-Longa scores and Prehensile Traction score at the doses of 30, 90 and 270 mg·kg-1, increased Ludmila Belayer score and reduced the infarction volume at the doses of 90 and 270 rag· kg-1.Morroniside (30, 90 and 270 mg· kg-1) treatment significantly decreased the level of malondialdehyde in ischemic cortex tissues.Morroniside 270 mgo kg-1 treatment significantly increased the content of glutathione,enhanced the activity of superoxide dismutase, but decreased the expression of caspase 3 protein in ischemic cortex tissues.These findings demonstrated that morroniside could significantly protect the brain from damage induced by focal cerebral ischemia which might be related to morroniside antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties in the brain.